Palm gestures

Palm Gestures

• Submissive Palm Position - The palm facing up is used as a submissive, non-threatening gesture, reminiscent of the pleading gesture of a street beggar. The person being asked to move the box will not feel that the request is given with pressure and, in a normal superior/subordinate situation, will not feel threatened by the request.
• Dominant Palm Position - When the palm is turned to face downwards, you will have immediate authority. The person to whom you have directed the request feels that he has been given an order to remove the box and may feel antagonistic towards you, depending on your relationship with him. For example, if the person to whom you gave the request was a co-worker of equal status, he could reject your palm-down request and would be more likely to carry out your wish if you had used the palm-up position. If the person to whom you give the request is your subordinate, the palm-down gesture is acceptable, as you have the authority to use it.
• Aggressive Palm Position - The palm is closed into a fist and the pointed finger becomes a symbolic club with which the speaker figuratively beats his listener into submission. The pointed finger is one of the most irritating gestures that a person can use while speaking, particularly when it beats time to the speaker's words. If you are an habitual finger-pointer, try practising the palm-up and palm-down positions and you will find that you create a more relaxed attitude and have a more positive effect on other people.

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Shaking Hands

• Glove Handshake - The glove handshake is sometimes called the politician's handshake. The initiator tries to give the receiver the impression that he is trustworthy and honest, but when this technique is used on a person he has just met, it has the reverse effect. The receiver feels suspicious and cautious about the initiator's intentions. The glove should only be used with people to whom the initiator is well-known.

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Double Handed Handshakes

• The intention of the double-handed handshake is to show sincerity, trust or depth of feeling towards the receiver. Two significant elements should be noticed. Firstly, the left hand is used to communicate the extra feeling that the initiator wishes to transmit and its extent is related to the distance that the initiator's left hand is moved up the receiver's right arm.
• Elbow Grasp - The elbow grasp, transmits more feeling than the wrist hold, and the shoulder hold.
• In general, the wrist hold and the elbow grasp are acceptable only between close friends or relatives and in these cases, the initiator's left hand penetrates only the receiver's intimate zone.

• The shoulder hold and the upper arm grip enter the receiver's close intimate zone and may involve actual body contact. They should be used only between people who experience a close emotional bond at the time of the handshake.

Body Language

Shoulder Shrug Gesture

• The shoulder shrug is also a good example of a universal gesture that is used to show that a person does not know or understand what you are talking about. It is a multiple gesture that has three main parts: exposed palms, hunched shoulders and raised brow.

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The Ring or 'OK' Gesture

• The 'OK' meaning is common to all English-speaking countries and it means "All correct".

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The Thumb-Up Gesture

• In Britain, Australia and New Zealand the thumb-up gesture has three meanings, it is commonly used by hitch-hikers who are thumbing a lift, it is an OK signal, and when the thumb is jerked sharply upwards it becomes an insult signal, meaning 'up yours' or 'sit on this'. In some countries, such as Greece, its main meaning is 'get stuffed'.

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Congruence (state of agreement)

• We often see a high ranking politician standing behind a lectern with his arms tightly folded across his chest (defensive) and chin down (critical or hostile), while telling his audience how receptive and open he is to the ideas of young people.

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How To Tell Lies Successfully

Steam Boilers and Engines

1.The object of producing draught in a boiler is

to provide an adequate supply of air for the fuel combustion to exhaust the gases of combustion from the combustion chamber to discharge the gases of combustion to the atmosphere through the chimney all of the above

2.In a glass tube type water indicator for a boiler, one end of the tube is connected to water space and the other end is connected to

water space also chimney steam space superheater

3.In water tube boilers

water passes through the tubes which are surrounded by flames and hot gases the flames and hot gases pass through the tubes which are surrounded by water forced circulation takes place none of these

4.Which of the following statement is wrong ?

Locomotive boiler is a water tube boiler. Water tube boilers are internally fired. La-mont boiler is a low pressure water tube boiler. all of the above

5.When the speed of the crankshaft is between 100 r.p.m. and 250 r.p.m., the engine said to be a

slow speed engine medium speed steam engine high speed steam engine none of these

Fuels and Combustion

1.Higher efficiency in the combustion of solid fuel can not be achieved by

proper fuel preparation. keeping the flue gas exhaust temperature very high. adopting efficient-fuel firing technique & equipment. supplying correct quantity of combustion air.

2.A coal containing very high percentage of durain is called __________ coal.

bright splint non-banded boghead

3. During combustion of gaseous fuels, deficiency of air

engthens the flame. tends to shorten the flame. does not affect the flame length. increases the flame temperature.

4.Gross and net calorific value of a fuel will be the same

if its ash content is zero. ifits carbon content is very low. if its hydrogen/hydrogen compound content is zero. under no circumstances.

5.Low temperature carbonisation

is mainly for producing the smokeless domestic coke. is meant for the production of 'metallurgical coke'. produces higher quantity of gas than high temperature carbonisation. produces less quantity of tar than high temperature carbonisation.

Voltage, Current and Resistance

1.When the speed at which a conductor is moved through a magnetic field is increased, the induced voltage

increases decreases remains constant reaches zero

2.The induced voltage across a coil with 250 turns that is located in a magnetic field that is changing at a rate of 8 Wb/s is

1,000 V 2,000 V 31.25 V 3,125 V

3.For a given wirewound core, an increase in current through the coil

reverses the flux lines decreases the flux density increases the flux density causes no change in flux density

4.If the cross-sectional area of a magnetic field increases, but the flux remains the same, the flux density

increases decreases remains the same doubles

5.When the current through the coil of an electromagnet reverses, the

direction of the magnetic field reverses direction of the magnetic field remains unchanged magnetic field expands magnetic field collapses

Magnetism and Electromagnetism

1.When the speed at which a conductor is moved through a magnetic field is increased, the induced voltage

increases decreases remains constant reaches zero

2.The induced voltage across a coil with 250 turns that is located in a magnetic field that is changing at a rate of 8 Wb/s is

1,000 V 2,000 V 31.25 V 3,125 V

3.For a given wirewound core, an increase in current through the coil

reverses the flux lines decreases the flux density increases the flux density causes no change in flux density

4.If the cross-sectional area of a magnetic field increases, but the flux remains the same, the flux density

increases decreases remains the same doubles

5.When the current through the coil of an electromagnet reverses, the

direction of the magnetic field reverses direction of the magnetic field remains unchanged magnetic field expands magnetic field collapses

Transformers

1.What kVA rating is required for a transformer that must handle a maximum load current of 8 A with a secondary voltage of 2 kV?

4 kVA 0.25 kVA 16 kVA 8 kVA

2. The turns ratio required to match an 80 source to a 320 ohm load is

80 20 4 2

3.When the turns ratio of a transformer is 20 and the primary ac voltage is 12 V, the secondary voltage is

12V 120V 240V 2400 V

4.If a transformer has 50 turns in the primary winding and 10 turns in the secondary winding, what is the reflective resistance if the secondary load resistance is 250 ?

250 25 6250 62500

5.A certain transformer has 400 turns in the primary winding and 2,000 turns in the secondary winding. The turns ratio is

0.2 0.4 5 25

Microwave Communication

1. The velocity factor of a transmission line depends on

temperature skin effect relative permittivity of dielectric none of the above

2.A loss less line of characteristic impedance Z0 is terminated in pure reactance of -jZ0 value. VSWR is

10 2 1 infinity

3.In a klystron amplifier the input cavity is called

buncher catcher Pierce gun collector

4.In a circular waveguide the dominant mode is

TE01 TE11 TE20 TE21

5. The reflection coefficient on a line is 0.2 ∠45°. The SWR is

0.8 1.1 1.2 1.5